Artificial Intelligence and IoT Driven Smart Grids: Architecture, Challenges, and Applications for Sustainable Urban Development

Authors

  • Seyyed Amirhossein Bani Hashemian Department of Computer Engineering, Ayandegan University, Tonkabon, Iran.
  • Mohammad Hossein Khodabandeh Department of Computer and Information Technology Engineering, Ab.C., Abhar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Abhar, Iran.
  • Astha Amriti Singh * School of Computer Science Engineering, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, India. https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6784-0376

https://doi.org/10.48313/siot.v3i1.260

Abstract

The rapid expansion of urban populations and the increasing demand for reliable, efficient, and sustainable energy systems have accelerated the global transition toward intelligent power infrastructures. Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT) have emerged as transformative technologies that can modernize traditional electrical grids into adaptive, data-driven smart grids. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of AI–IoT-enabled smart grids, examining their architecture, operational mechanisms, and contributions to sustainable urban development. We evaluate the roles of IoT in real-time sensing and communication, and the roles of AI in predictive analytics, optimization, and autonomous control. We also examine integration challenges—including cybersecurity, interoperability, scalability, and regulatory constraints—and propose viable solutions supported by current industry standards. A case study of Amsterdam’s smart grid implementation demonstrates the practical benefits of AI–IoT integration. The findings indicate that AI–IoT-enabled smart grids significantly enhance energy efficiency, reduce carbon emissions, and strengthen urban resilience, positioning them as foundational infrastructure for future sustainable cities.

Keywords:

Artificial intelligence, Internet of things, Smart grids, Energy efficiency, Urban sustainability, Power systems

References

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Published

2026-03-28

Issue

Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): Smart Internet of Things

Section

Articles

How to Cite

Bani Hashemian, S. A. ., Khodabandeh, M. H. ., & Astha Amriti Singh. (2026). Artificial Intelligence and IoT Driven Smart Grids: Architecture, Challenges, and Applications for Sustainable Urban Development. Smart Internet of Things, 3(1), 39-53. https://doi.org/10.48313/siot.v3i1.260

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